low production of reproductive hormones, such as:.They may stem from one or more of the following: The causes of secondary osteoporosis are potentially reversible. Research in 2016 reports that a Z-score of less than -2.5 indicates the secondary type. These scores help diagnose secondary osteoporosis, which is osteoporosis due to a clinical disorder rather than aging - the cause of primary osteoporosis. Most experts usually advise the use of Z-scores for children, teenagers, premenopausal females, and males under the age of 50 years. However, as older adults tend to have low bone density, people with normal Z-scores could have osteoporosis. In other words, a normal Z-score only indicates that the bone density is comparable to that of others of the same age, sex, and body size. The BHOF notes that Z-scores can be misleading because older adults commonly have low bone density. If someone thinks that they might be pregnant, they should tell the doctor, who will use other diagnostic methods. A person will place their foot, finger, hand, or forearm in the device, and it will provide a reading within a few minutes.Īs the scans use low doses of radiation, which could harm a developing baby, this procedure is not advisable during pregnancy. They may also ask the individual to avoid wearing metal jewelry or clothes with metal parts, such as buttons or buckles.Ī peripheral scan is simpler and only involves a small, portable machine. However, a doctor may ask a person to refrain from taking calcium supplements 24–48 hours prior to the test. Little preparation is necessary for the central DEXA scan. The images go to a computer where a healthcare professional can view them.During the scanning, the person will need to be very still, and the technician might ask them to hold their breath.One scanning machine will pass over the lower spine and hips, and another scanning machine will pass underneath.The person will lie on their back on a padded table, either placing the legs out straight or resting them on a padded platform.A central DEXA scan involves the following steps: Peripheral scans measure bone density in the:ĭEXA scans are painless and quick. They identify people who may need further bone scans. Unlike central DEXA scans, peripheral scans usually play a role in screening. evaluating the body’s response to an osteoporosis treatment.This scan measures bone density at the hip and lower back. The most common type of DEXA scan is the central DEXA. These scans measure bone mass, and doctors compare the results with established norms to provide a score. If doctors need to measure a person’s bone density, they will likely use a DEXA scan. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans use a low dose of ionizing radiation to measure bone density.
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